Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, abbreviated CKM syndrome, is a multisystem disorder of the metabolic, renal and cardiovascular systems. The term was first introduced by the American Heart Association in 2023. The syndrome results from interactions between metabolic risk factors, including prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, dyslipidemia and obesity. Acting alone or together, these abnormalities can promote chronic kidney and cardiovascular disorders and so raise rates of illness and death.