Named historical treatment regimens now recognized as actively harmful, fraudulent or discredited by controlled evidence, distinct from the broader folk, humoral or energy-based practices in this subcategory by having caused documented serious harm, having been formally abandoned by the profession that once practiced them, or having been an outright fraud. This includes discredited psychiatric and neurological treatments (lobotomy, insulin shock therapy, conversion therapy, primal therapy, rebirthing therapy, rest cure, bed rest, carbogen), induced-fever treatments developed for psychiatric and infectious disease (pyrotherapy, malaria therapy, malariotherapy), an outright surgical fraud (psychic surgery), and other named regimens later shown ineffective or too harmful for continued use (high-dose chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant, semicarbazide-cadmium therapy, stamina therapy). A treatment that is merely unproven or pseudoscientific, without documented serious harm, formal abandonment following adverse findings, or outright fraud, is grouped instead under this atlas's other historical-practice groups on the basis of its own technique.