Ebola Vaccine

An Ebola vaccine is used to prevent Ebola virus disease, caused by one of the six known species of ebolavirus, four of which cause disease in humans. One licensed vaccine exists against the Zaire ebolavirus species and none against the others: the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine, first approved in the European Union in November 2019 and later in the United States, which had already been used extensively in the Kivu Ebola epidemic under a compassionate use protocol. A second vaccine, Zabdeno/Mvabea, was licensed by the European Union in July 2020 but was later withdrawn by its manufacturer. Other candidate vaccines, including replication deficient adenovirus vectors, replication competent vesicular stomatitis and human parainfluenza vectors, and virus like nanoparticle preparations, have shown efficacy protecting nonhuman primates such as macaques against lethal infection. The Ebola vaccine is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.