Reproductive and fertility treatment covers medical and procedural interventions in conception, pregnancy, childbirth, and the preservation or restoration of fertility. It includes assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, intrauterine insemination, and gamete and embryo transfer procedures; fertility preservation methods such as oocyte, embryo and semen cryopreservation; donor and surrogacy arrangements including egg, sperm and embryo donation and surrogacy; obstetric and perinatal interventions such as induction of labor, forceps delivery, vacuum extraction, external cephalic version, antenatal corticosteroid therapy and newborn care such as kangaroo care; and surgical reversal procedures such as tubal reversal and tuboplasty. It does not include hormone therapy used for gender transition, which stays grouped under Pharmacological Therapy, or general obstetric surgery, which stays grouped under Surgical Procedure.