This article records tradition as it has been passed down and reported. Its sources are not yet part of the atlas's verified catalogue.
The word bimaristan comes from Persian, meaning literally a place for the sick, and by the twelfth century the Islamic world had built a network of them across its major cities, combining what a modern reader would separate into a hospital, a medical school and a pharmacy under one roof. The Bimaristan al-Nuri in Damascus, endowed in 1154 by Nur al-Din Mahmud ibn Zangi, is one of the clearest surviving examples of how that model actually functioned. Patients, regardless of ability to pay, received treatment; physicians in training worked alongside established practitioners, learning by practice rather than text alone. This was not a charitable afterthought bolted onto a religious foundation, it was the foundation's central purpose, built into the institution's design from the start. The building's survival into the modern era, now housing a museum dedicated to Arabic medicine and science, means a visitor to Damascus today can walk through the same halls where that model of medicine as a public good, not a private transaction, was actually practiced.