Founders of Antisepsis and Modern Operative Surgery

he developed the Sauerbruch chamber, a pressure chamber for operating on the open thorax

introduction and promotion of aseptic surgery

He completed the first pneumonectomy in 1931

performed the first public operation utilising modern anaesthesia in Europe

Czerny developed operational techniques for cancer surgery.

introduced the use of rubber gloves during his operations to improve aseptic technique

He founded the German Surgical Society in 1872.

is one of the pioneers of antiseptics and aseptic techniques

Pionier der klinischen Asepsis

is remembered for the Bigelow maneuver for hip dislocation, a technique for treatment of kidney stones, and other innovations

He was an early supporter of Joseph Lister, and helped the introduction of antiseptic surgery throughout Germany.

In 1881, as the first in the world, he carried out a peptic ulcer resection.

Bassini is credited for the advocation of antiseptic practices into Italian surgery.

He was the first to re-emphasize ligature of the two ends of arteries in hemorrhages first promoted by Ambroise Paré in the mid-16th century.

He was also a key figure in the development of mechanical methods of sterilisation and disinfection for surgical procedures

he remained in Bern as an assistant to Theodor Kocher

He was also a pioneer involving lung resections

introduced several surgical techniques and medical instruments

professor of surgical pathology (from 1877) and genitourinary surgery (from 1890) at the University of Paris

trug C. seit 1884 wesentlich zum raschen Ausbau der Gallenblasen-Chirurgie bei

under Theodor Billroth, a pioneer in the field of modern surgical practices

he is credited as being one of the first to introduce Joseph Lister's methodology for antiseptic treatment of wounds to the European continent

Schede was a pioneer of antisepsis in Germany.

founding father of modern abdominal surgery

pioneer of aseptic surgery

In the field of plastic surgery, he introduced mesh grafting in 1907.

Adelmann is credited with introducing a procedure that involved flexion of the limb(s) as a treatment for arterial bleeding.

Neuber's clinic in Kiel is considered to be the first aseptic hospital in the world.

He is also credited with modifying Joseph Lister's technique of antiseptic sterilization by substituting salicylic acid for carbolic acid.

He proved that Staphylococcus aureus causes carbuncles and boils by experimenting on himself

He was involved in improvements made to the pancreaticoduodenectomy process.

the introduction of Lister's antiseptic practices into surgery at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

in 1875 he introduced Listerian antisepsis

Riedel was a pioneer in the surgical treatment of appendicitis and cholecystitis.

He is known for his research of local anesthetics, particularly cocaine.

Baum was an important influence to the career of Theodor Billroth

He was co-publisher and editor of the Archivs für klinische Chirurgie and the Zentralblatts für Chirurgie

He is known for the development of operative procedures for the treatment of gall bladder and bile duct diseases.

He was the earliest advocate of sterilised gloves.

he became an assistant at the university clinic under Theodor Billroth

Guérin introduced the practice of using cotton-wool bandages for prevention of wound infections

He was among the first surgeons to advocate removal of the appendix in cases of recurrent appendicitis, and in 1886 attempted the first choledochotomy.

He is credited for developing the foundation of modern radical mastoidectomy for treatment of chronic ear disease.

In 1882, Bruns became director of the surgical clinic at Tübingen

Nouveaux élémens de médecine opératoire, 1813 - New elements of operative medicine.

He was a pioneer in practical antisepsis, and was the first man in the west to employ Lister's method after its exploitation.

He is remembered for his studies of wound treatment and his efforts to reduce bacterial infections.

He was the first surgeon to use ozone treatments in order to control and kill bacteria

In 1885, Hacker assisted Billroth when the latter performed the first resection of the pylorus followed by posterior gastrojejunostomy.

As a surgeon, Körte specialized in liver, gall bladder and pancreatic operations.

This procedure, incising the pyloric muscle while leaving the mucosa intact and leaving the muscle to heal, was the first pyloromyotomy to be performed and became known as Ramstedt's operation.

Bruns popularized usage of absorbent cotton wool dressings, which later became a standard practice in modern antiseptic treatment of wounds.

In 1882 he performed the first successful operation of a pancreatic cyst via the external drainage technique that he developed.

Alfred-Armand-Louis-Marie Velpeau (18 May 1795-24 August 1867) was a French anatomist and surgeon.

The first person to successfully remove an ovarian tumor, he has been called "the father of ovariotomy" as well as founding father of abdominal surgery.

He was the first physician to introduce heat sterilisation of surgical instruments and is known as a pioneer of aseptic surgery.

Evarts Ambrose Graham (March 19, 1883, March 4, 1957) was an American academic, physician, and surgeon.

James Marion Sims (January 25, 1813, November 13, 1883) was an American medical doctor in the field of surgery. His most famous work was the development of a surgical technique for the repair of vesicovaginal fistula, a severe complication of obstructed childbirth.

Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister (5 April 1827-10 February 1912) was an English surgeon, medical scientist, experimental pathologist and pioneer of antiseptic surgery and preventive healthcare.

Jules-Émile Péan (French pronunciation: [ʒyl emil peɑ̃]; 29 November 1830-20 January 1898) was one of the great French surgeons of the 19th century.

William Bradley Coley (January 12, 1862, April 16, 1936) was an American bone surgeon and cancer researcher best known for his early contributions to the study of cancer immunotherapy, specifically causing infection as a way to fight cancer, a practice used as far back as 1550 BC.

William Stewart Halsted, M.D. (September 23, 1852, September 7, 1922) was an American surgeon who emphasized strict aseptic technique during surgical procedures, was an early champion of newly discovered anesthetics, and introduced several new operations, including the radical mastectomy for breast cancer.

William James Mayo (June 29, 1861, July 28, 1939) was a physician and surgeon in the United States and one of the seven founders of the Mayo Clinic.

Sir William Macewen ( mə-KEW-ən; 22 June 1848-22 March 1924) was a Scottish surgeon.