Urinary Anti-infective Agent

A urinary anti-infective agent, also called a urinary antiseptic, is a medication used to eliminate the microorganisms that cause urinary tract infection. Urinary tract infections are classed as cystitis, an infection of the lower urinary tract or bladder, or pyelonephritis, an infection of the upper urinary tract or kidney, and Escherichia coli is the predominant causative organism, accounting for an estimated 75 to 95 percent of reported cases, alongside pathogens such as Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin, and pivmecillinam are the current first-line agents for the empiric treatment of simple cystitis. Antimicrobial therapy is tailored to the individual patient, taking into account the severity of illness, host factors, and local patterns of pathogen resistance.