Carl Nicoladoni

Carl Nicoladoni was an Austrian surgeon born in Vienna in 1847 who died in 1902. He received his medical doctorate from the University of Vienna and later held professorships of surgery at the University of Innsbruck from 1881 and the University of Graz from 1895. He specialized in orthopedic and reconstructive surgery and studied the diagnosis of scoliosis, on which he published several treatises. He is credited with the first successful thumb replacement, in which a boy's lost thumb was replaced with the second toe of his right foot. He also contributed to urogenital and gastrointestinal surgery, introducing techniques for esophageal diverticulum and for torsion of the spermatic cord.