Bilateral Cingulotomy

Bilateral cingulotomy is a form of psychosurgery introduced in 1948 as an alternative to lobotomy. The procedure works by severing nerve fibers within the cingulum bundle as it passes through the anterior cingulate gyrus, interrupting neural pathways associated with emotional and psychological disturbance. It has been used primarily to treat depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder, with applications in the early twenty-first century extending to treating addiction in Russia and to chronic pain management.