Reproductive and Genital Surgery

Operations on the external genital organs and reproductive structures shared across sex or specific to male anatomy, along with gender affirming genital procedures. This includes male procedures such as circumcision, vasectomy, orchiectomy and phalloplasty, external female genital procedures performed outside a strictly gynecologic context such as labiaplasty and vulvectomy, and gender affirming procedures such as vaginoplasty, metoidioplasty and chest reconstruction. Internal female reproductive organ procedures such as hysterectomy and oophorectomy are grouped instead under gynecologic and obstetric surgery, and procedures on the urinary tract proper, such as nephrectomy or cystectomy, are grouped instead under urologic surgery.