Cardiovascular Surgery

Operations on the heart, its valves and the blood vessels, following the cardiovascular body system used by ICD-10-PCS. This covers open heart procedures such as valve repair, valve replacement, coronary artery bypass grafting and heart transplantation support, catheter-based interventions such as angioplasty, coronary stenting, ablation and endovascular aneurysm repair, and surgical vascular repairs such as bypass grafting, endarterectomy and embolectomy. Implanted cardiac devices, including pacemakers, defibrillators and ventricular assist devices, and diagnostic procedures that work through the vascular system, such as cardiac catheterization and venography, are also placed here. Procedures on organs that blood vessels merely supply, rather than on the heart or vessels themselves, stay out of this group.